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Rome and Carthage Dispute the Mediterranean (B. C. 221 – 217)
The Great Wall of China did not always keep the invader out, but it did help to establish the geographical
Great Wall of China (221 B.C.)
The Great Wall of China is probably the world’s most stupendous monument to human ingenuity, human industry and purportedly is
Chinese – New Empire after Alexander (B. C. 323 – 221)
The Chinese grew a new empire in the east, after the death of Alexander the Great. The empire of Cyrus
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Cracks in the Wall of Islam A.D. 656-750
THE FIRST three caliphs — Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman — had all known — Mohammed well. In 656, Othman,
The Abbasids: Glory and Decay 750 -1258 A. D.
UNDER THE Omayyads, who ruled from 661 to 750, Islam had grown into a mighty empire. Arabic had become its
Rival Caliphs and Amirs in the West A.D. 750-1492
IN 750, when the first Abbasid caliph ordered a wholesale massacre of the family that had ruled before him, hardly
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
What is History?
Many answers have been given to this question. To most people it is undoubtedly the record of past events, but
3000 BC – Gift of the Nile
On the long road to civilization, the emergence of the national state –particularly in the context of the world in
Early Culture Existed for Centuries
Early culture, between 3000 to 1750 BC, in Mesopotamia, the land between the rivers, another civilization is already far advanced.
