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Why Did Athens Fight Sparta
In spite of the fact that they had fought as allies against Persia, Sparta and Athens did not like each
Thucydides
When Herodotus read his history in public, it is said that a youth called Thucydides was so moved that he
The Parthenon
In the year 437 the Parthenon, which had been begun ten years before, was far enough advanced to contain a
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Cracks in the Wall of Islam A.D. 656-750
THE FIRST three caliphs — Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman — had all known — Mohammed well. In 656, Othman,
The Abbasids: Glory and Decay 750 -1258 A. D.
UNDER THE Omayyads, who ruled from 661 to 750, Islam had grown into a mighty empire. Arabic had become its
Rival Caliphs and Amirs in the West A.D. 750-1492
IN 750, when the first Abbasid caliph ordered a wholesale massacre of the family that had ruled before him, hardly
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Justinian Corpus (520-622 A.D.)
Justinian Corpus, the Juris Civilis, is the ancestor of all European legal systems. The sixth century – in the West,
Flight to Medina (622 A.D.)
The flight to Medina, was made by the prophet Mohammed, when he fled from his native Mecca, in hopes of
T’ang Empire (622 – 794 A.D.)
T’ang Empire – first of the great Chinese dynasties – unifies the nation. The siege of Byzantium During the seventh