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Herodotus, The Father of History
In 445, if tradition can be trusted, the Athenians must have felt more self-confident than ever; for it was then
The Athenian Empire
Cimon was rich and pro-Spartan, but generous. He kept open house and invited the public to make use of his
The Confederacy of Delos
Delos a Greek island in the Cyclades archipelago was an important religious centre in the Archaic and Classical periods. The island was also
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Democracy in Latin America 1811-1823
DURING THE years when Napoleon and Spain were at war, Spain’s American colonies began their long fight to win independence
Nationalism and the Germans 1848-1870
DESPITE THE development of democracy in some parts of the world, several of the most important nations established in the
The Unification of Italy 1831-1870
ITALY HAD long been divided into small states. All their governments, except that of the Kingdom of Sardinia, were unpopular
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope
