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The Growth of Science and Invention
“Repair this model, if you please.” These words were spoken to James Watt, an instrument maker at the University of
Italy and Germany Become Unified nations
On May 11, 1860 an almost incredible military campaign began with the landing of Guiseppe Garibaldi on the western tip
Nationalism and Democracy Clash with the Forces of Reaction
The Austrian city of Vienna in 1814 would have dazzled even a Hollywood director. Emperors and empresses, kings and queens,
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Roosevelt Battles the Court 1937-1939
BEGINNING his second term, Roosevelt made it plain that the New Deal would go on. He would continue to work
“On the Dole” 1918 – 1936
IN Europe as in America, the leading democratic nations — Great Britain and France — faced the problems of the
Democratic but Divided 1926-1939
UNLIKE Britain, France was not a highly industrialized country; its economy was fairly evenly divided between industry and farming. For
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Toledo falls, Marking the End of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events
Abelard in Paris (1100 A. D.)
Abelard, Peter – a renowned teacher from Paris, surrounded by a group of questioning students – formed the nucleus of
Southern France, the Cult of Courtly Love (1100 – 1194)
Southern France, the cult of courtly love, takes root and flourishes. In the glories of its new cathedral, the town
