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Russia Under the Tsars 1462-1796
IN THE LAST PART of the fifteenth century, the monks and courtiers of Moscow began to say that Moscow was
The Rise of Prussia 1594 – 1786
AT THE END of the 16th century, Brandenburg and Prussia were unimportant German lands, but the ruler of Brandenburg was
The Sun King 1642 – 1715
ALL HIS LIFE Cardinal Richelieu had been a sick man, but by the spring of 1642 he was dying. He
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Thaw in the Cold War 1953-1959
Stalin had left behind him a world of suspicion, distrust and fear. Suspicion, distrust and fear were as great in
A Time of Crisis 1960-1963
One of the sources of trouble was Cuba. In 1956 a small group of revolutionaries, led by a 29-year-old lawyer
A Time of Change 1948-1962
All times are, more or less, times of change, but the changes that took place in the 1950’s and 1960’s
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Toledo falls, marking the end of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events