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The Hundred Years War 1326-1477
THE LONG STRUGGLE between France and England, known to history as the Hundred Years’ War, was not really a war
The Town and the Guild 1100 -1382
ONE FINE SPRING MORNING, in the French town of Troyes, in the county of Champagne, a bell rang out through
The Crusades 1096-1260
ON A COLD NOVEMBER DAY IN 1096, a great crowd of people gathered in a field at the town of
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The United States and Victory 1915-1918
FEW AMERICANS noticed the advertisement that appeared in the New York newspapers on May 1, 1915. Signed by the Imperial
The Victors Reconstruct Europe 1918 – 1919
IN THE closing weeks of the war, the Austro-Hungarian Empire came apart. Its subject peoples proclaimed their independence, through “national
After the Peace of Paris 1919 – 1920
DURING THE war, three great empires — the Russian, the Austro-Hungarian and the German –had vanished forever. Then, by the
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Toledo falls, marking the end of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events