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Feudal Germany 936 -1250
THE WINTER of 1077 was one of the coldest on record in Italy. Ice and snow choked the mountain passages
The Castle, the Manor and the Knight 900-1300
COUNT LEON, lord of the vast domain of Grandpré, stirred and waved away his servants. As he opened his eyes,
Fury from the North 814-1042
“. . FROM THE FURY OF THE NORTHMEN, Good Lord, deliver us.” Until recent times, this line was included in
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Gift of the Nile 3300 B.C. – 30 B.C.
It was around 3500 B.C. and as it did every year around the middle of July, the Nile had begun
The People of One God 3000 B. C. – 30 B. C.
On the plains of Mesopotamia, a young man stood gazing up at the stars that glittered from the dark sky
The Rise of the Assyrians 1600 B. C. – 539 B. C.
During the century after the Hittites had raided Babylon and rose to power in Turkey and Syria, Mesopotamia was a
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Toledo falls, marking the end of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events