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The Abbasids: Glory and Decay 750 -1258 A. D.
UNDER THE Omayyads, who ruled from 661 to 750, Islam had grown into a mighty empire. Arabic had become its
Cracks in the Wall of Islam A.D. 656-750
THE FIRST three caliphs — Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman — had all known — Mohammed well. In 656, Othman,
The Holy Book of Allah A. D. 632-732
Mohammed sometimes dictated his thoughts to his secretary, Zayd, but when he spoke in public no one wrote down what
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
“The King to Paris!” 1789
In the towns and cities of the provinces, the news of the fall of the Bastille led to wild celebrations
The Fall of King Louis 1789-1793
“Down with the King!” That cry was heard again and again on the night of August 9, 1792, as restless
The Terror 1793 – 1795
The execution of the king stunned the rulers of Europe. They were stunned as well by the French military victories
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope





























































