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The End of the City A. D. 192 – A. D. 476
ON ROME’S first day, Romulus took a bronze plow and drew a magic circle around seven of the hills that
The City Where Money Ruled A.D. 54 – A.D. 192
“IT is impossible to find peace and quiet in this city!” Seneca, in Nero’s Rome for a visit, was not
The City of the World A. D. 117 – A. D. 138
ROME was no longer just a city — it was a world. In the reign of Hadrian, the blaring trumpets
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Sui and T’ang Restore the Empire A.D. 589-979
IN 589, a warlord named Sui Wen Ti conquered the last dynasty in the south and so became emperor of
The Sung Dynasty: Barbarians Threaten the Empire A. D. 960 – 1279
DURING THE turbulent Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms era, the main outside threat to China came, as usual, from the
The Coming of the Mongols A.D.1135-1368
IN 1135, Hangchow became the capital of the Southern Sung. Thereafter, the Sung kept an uneasy peace with their unwelcome
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Toledo falls, Marking the End of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events
Abelard in Paris (1100 A. D.)
Abelard, Peter – a renowned teacher from Paris, surrounded by a group of questioning students – formed the nucleus of
Southern France, the Cult of Courtly Love (1100 – 1194)
Southern France, the cult of courtly love, takes root and flourishes. In the glories of its new cathedral, the town





























































