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Socrates’ Death
Socrates’ death occurred in the year 399 an Athenian court condemned Socrates for opposing the official religion of the state,
Oligarchy and Athens in Defeat
Oligarchy — “rule by the few” was a form of government which Athens had not experienced since the 6th century,
Decelea, a Thorn in the Flesh
Decelea near the border of Attica and Boeotia was fortified by the Spartans (413). The first piece of good advice
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Church and the Empire A.D. 527-1261
CHRISTIANITY, as the official religion of Byzantium‚ was under the control of the government. The emperor was the head of
The Fall of Byzantium A. D. 992-1453
THE LONG struggle between the churches of the East and the West was only one of the many serious problems
Byzantium and Russia 400 B. C. – 1240 A. D.
THE BEGINNINGS of Russian history date back to the centuries when Byzantium was at the height of its glory. A
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Arian Heresy and the Council of Nicaea (312-432 A. D.))
The Arian threat occured in the fourth century, which opened with the triumph of Christianity in the Roman Empire, closed
Mission to Ireland (432 A.D.)
In the spring of 432, Laoghaire, ruler of a petty kingdom in northern Ireland, gathered his court near Tara to
Visigoths and Gaiseric (432 – 451 A.D.)
The Visigoths, led by Gaiseric, settle in North Africa and challenge Rome. Ireland before St. Patrick According to the most


























































