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Europeans Explore and Settle Other Lands
Visitors to the Portuguese city of Lisbon, on a certain day in 1499, would have found the people in a
Kings Compete for Power with Nobles and the Church
Henry Tudor was a patient young man, who waited and watched while civil war raged in England and quarreling lords
The Revival of Town Life and the Growth of Learning
Pierre watched the merchant caravan clatter down the narrow dirt road that led through the manor. Pack mules threaded their
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The New Capital: Constantinople A. D. 306-532
EMPEROR Constantine’s decision to build a new capital for the Roman Empire in the East did not come as a
The Great Justinian A.D. 532-565
THE STREETS of Constantinople were thronged that Tuesday morning in January of 532. Public buildings were closed. Shops on the Street of
Byzantine Glory A.D. 610-1057
The period from 610 to 717 was one of the darkest in Byzantine history. During that time, the edges of
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
The Roman Republic is Reborn with Imperial Splendour (73 – 31 B.C.)
The happy judgment of the historian Polybius on the strength of the Roman constitution, because of its mixture of popular,
The Emperor Augustus (B.C. 31)
The assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 B.C. initiated thirteen years of bloodshed, during which the people who had plotted
Octavian and the New Roman Empire (B.C. 31 – 9 A.D.)
Octavian delivers the state from that was plunged into depression. A few weeks after January 1 in the year 29 B.C. the





























































