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Stepping-Stones for the West, 1869
ON NOVEMBER 16, 1869, the sun rose over the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea and shone on the blue
Europe Divided 1825 -1881
IN EUROPE and North America, nationalism generally led to the creation of larger states and the centralization of power. In
The Unification of Italy 1831-1870
ITALY HAD long been divided into small states. All their governments, except that of the Kingdom of Sardinia, were unpopular
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Father of the Factory System 1769-1807
IT TOOK the work of many inventors to bring about the changes of the Industrial Revolution, but the man recognized
The Factory System 1750-1800
THE ENGLISH regarded themselves as a free people — but they did not seem to believe in freedom for others.
Democracy and Nationalism 1815-1848
WHILE THE Industrial Revolution was transforming England and creating a new kind of society, the continent of Europe seemed to
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Caliph of Cordova’s Library (950 A. D.)
Caliph of Cordova’s library, raised Cordova to its great eminence. It was Europe’s most glittering capital: a place where Moslems,
Cluny (950 – 955 A. D.)
Cluny, the Greatest Benedictine Abbey in Europe, was founded in 910. After the reign of the great Abd al-Rahman III,
Lechfeld (955 A. D.)
Lechfeld, the battleground outside Augsburg on St. Lawrence’s day, 10 August 955 A. D., was highly significant for the whole
