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The Unification of Italy 1831-1870
ITALY HAD long been divided into small states. All their governments, except that of the Kingdom of Sardinia, were unpopular
Nationalism and the Germans 1848-1870
DESPITE THE development of democracy in some parts of the world, several of the most important nations established in the
Democracy in Latin America 1811-1823
DURING THE years when Napoleon and Spain were at war, Spain’s American colonies began their long fight to win independence
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Fury from the North 814-1042
“. . FROM THE FURY OF THE NORTHMEN, Good Lord, deliver us.” Until recent times, this line was included in
The Castle, the Manor and the Knight 900-1300
COUNT LEON, lord of the vast domain of Grandpré, stirred and waved away his servants. As he opened his eyes,
Feudal Germany 936 -1250
THE WINTER of 1077 was one of the coldest on record in Italy. Ice and snow choked the mountain passages
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Justinian Corpus (520-622 A.D.)
Justinian Corpus, the Juris Civilis, is the ancestor of all European legal systems. The sixth century – in the West,
Flight to Medina (622 A.D.)
The flight to Medina, was made by the prophet Mohammed, when he fled from his native Mecca, in hopes of
T’ang Empire (622 – 794 A.D.)
T’ang Empire – first of the great Chinese dynasties – unifies the nation. The siege of Byzantium During the seventh





























































