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Russia Under the Tsars 1462-1796
IN THE LAST PART of the fifteenth century, the monks and courtiers of Moscow began to say that Moscow was
The Rise of Prussia 1594 – 1786
AT THE END of the 16th century, Brandenburg and Prussia were unimportant German lands, but the ruler of Brandenburg was
The Sun King 1642 – 1715
ALL HIS LIFE Cardinal Richelieu had been a sick man, but by the spring of 1642 he was dying. He
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Gods and Heroes 800 B.C. – 550 B.C.
From island to island and town to town, across the wide new world of the Greeks, the minstrel wandered, with
Kings, Tyrants and Democracy 1000 B. C. to 100 B. C.
During the Dark Ages, the large kingdoms of Homer’s Achaean heroes had disappeared. The Greek world was now dotted with
Athens: City of Wisdom and War 700 B. C. to 500 B. C.
Of all the city-states in Greece, Athens was the most fortunate. The city’s guardian was Athena, the goddess of war
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope
