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Preachers of Reform 1518-1564
IN 1518, AN INDULGENCE PEDDLER, a priest from France, made his way through one of the twisting Alpine passes that
The Monk from Wittenberg 1505-1546
ON A SULTRY JULY DAY IN 1505, a young law student, Martin Luther, was walking along a country road in
The Walls Come Tumbling Down 1300-1415
IN THE MIDDLE AGES, when knights fought wars in Europe’s fields, robbers roamed the roads and the dark forests seemed
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Church and the Empire A.D. 527-1261
CHRISTIANITY, as the official religion of Byzantium‚ was under the control of the government. The emperor was the head of
The Fall of Byzantium A. D. 992-1453
THE LONG struggle between the churches of the East and the West was only one of the many serious problems
Byzantium and Russia 400 B. C. – 1240 A. D.
THE BEGINNINGS of Russian history date back to the centuries when Byzantium was at the height of its glory. A
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope
