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The Growth of Science and Invention
“Repair this model, if you please.” These words were spoken to James Watt, an instrument maker at the University of
Italy and Germany Become Unified nations
On May 11, 1860 an almost incredible military campaign began with the landing of Guiseppe Garibaldi on the western tip
Nationalism and Democracy Clash with the Forces of Reaction
The Austrian city of Vienna in 1814 would have dazzled even a Hollywood director. Emperors and empresses, kings and queens,
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The City Divided 130 B. C. – 70 B. C.
MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO, a young statesman known for his dramatic speeches, stood before a panel of judges in a courtroom
The City of Caesar 80 B. C. – 44 B. C.
THE story of Rome in the years after Sulla’s death was the story of a partnership of power. It was
The Second Triumvirate 43 B. C. – 30 B. C.
AS THE news of Caesar’s death spread through Rome, sorrow, anger and fear took hold of the city. On March
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Charlemagne’s Empire Destroyed by Eastern Hordes (800-886 A. D.)
Charlemagne’s empire destroyed and dissolved in the ninth century, but the idea of “Europe” survived. By the late tenth century,
Alfred “The Great” builds England for the English (886 A. D.)
Alfred “The Great”, alone amongst the English kings, has been awarded this title. Earlier invaders of the British Isles had
Baghdad Founded (886 – 950 A. D.)
Baghdad founded and became the centre of Islamic learning and culture. England in the tenth century As a soldier, Alfred,
