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A Time of Change 1948-1962
All times are, more or less, times of change, but the changes that took place in the 1950’s and 1960’s
A Time of Crisis 1960-1963
One of the sources of trouble was Cuba. In 1956 a small group of revolutionaries, led by a 29-year-old lawyer
The Thaw in the Cold War 1953-1959
Stalin had left behind him a world of suspicion, distrust and fear. Suspicion, distrust and fear were as great in
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Democracy in Latin America 1811-1823
DURING THE years when Napoleon and Spain were at war, Spain’s American colonies began their long fight to win independence
Nationalism and the Germans 1848-1870
DESPITE THE development of democracy in some parts of the world, several of the most important nations established in the
The Unification of Italy 1831-1870
ITALY HAD long been divided into small states. All their governments, except that of the Kingdom of Sardinia, were unpopular
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Notre-Dame, Palace of the Virgin (1194 A.D.)
Notre-Dame, Palace of the Virgin, with its clusters of columns, its soaring arches, its superb stone carvings and its matchless
Richard I, the Lion Heart (1194-1204 A. D.)
Richard I, the Lion Heart, fails to capture Jerusalem from the Saracens. The birth of the New Byzantium The first
Fall of Constantinople
Fall of Constantinople begins – the crusaders from the West had taken an oath to free the Holy Land from





























































