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Fall of Constantinople
Fall of Constantinople begins – the crusaders from the West had taken an oath to free the Holy Land from
Richard I, the Lion Heart (1194-1204 A. D.)
Richard I, the Lion Heart, fails to capture Jerusalem from the Saracens. The birth of the New Byzantium The first
Notre-Dame, Palace of the Virgin (1194 A.D.)
Notre-Dame, Palace of the Virgin, with its clusters of columns, its soaring arches, its superb stone carvings and its matchless
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
Greek Against Greek 430 B. C. – 404 B. C.
About 425 B. C., a lonely man, in a country that was not his own, sat down to write the
The Greek Way of Life 700 B. C. – 343 B. C.
In the first years of Spartan peace, Greece was filled with wandering soldiers. Their little cities needed them no more.
The Conquerors 343 B. C. – 323 B. C.
In 343 B. C., the philosopher Aristotle left the quiet of his study and journeyed to Macedonia, a country in
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope





























































