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England’s Elizabeth: Queen of Words and Music 1511 – 1603
In 1600, the Duke Virginio Orsini‚ nephew of the Medici ruler of Florence, arrived in England. He came to spend
The Renaissance in the North and Spain 1400 – 1598
Through the bustling market-towns of the Low Countries passed the traders, goods and gold of all Europe. Here the luxuries
The Italian Kings of France 1494 – 1590
In all Europe there was no greater admirer of Italy than Francis I, king of France. Francis practiced Italian manners
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Church and the Empire A.D. 527-1261
CHRISTIANITY, as the official religion of Byzantium‚ was under the control of the government. The emperor was the head of
The Fall of Byzantium A. D. 992-1453
THE LONG struggle between the churches of the East and the West was only one of the many serious problems
Byzantium and Russia 400 B. C. – 1240 A. D.
THE BEGINNINGS of Russian history date back to the centuries when Byzantium was at the height of its glory. A
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Sung Dynasty, Golden Age of Artistic Achievement (955-982 A. D.)
The birth of Hungary The battle of the Lechfeld, which was so important to Western Europe, had an equally profound
Norsemen and Vikings (982 A. D.)
Norsemen or Vikings – Danes, Norwegians and Swedes — were terrorizing the greater part of Europe, over a thousand years
Hugh Capet (982 – 1066 A. D.)
Hugh Capet was coronated in 987 and with that, began the French dominance of Europe. During the eleventh century, a
