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Foundations of the Russian Empire
Foundations of the Russian Empire involved: the Early Russians, Romanovs and the New Russia, Alexander and the Holy Alliance, Russian
Division and Weakness in Germany and Italy
Division and weakness in Germany and Italy points up the difference between geographic unity and national unity. It concerns itself
Absolutism and Revolution in France
Absolutism was sought, achieved, followed by the French Revolution, an Interlude; and peace plans were made for Europe. Both English
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The Coming of the Europeans A.D. 1498-1707
MORE than two centuries before Aurungzeb’s death and even before the coming of Babur, a new kind of invader had
China under the Han 206 B. C. – A. D. 221
THE vast East Asian land of China is named after its first family of emperors, the Ch’in. The Ch’in brought
The Six Dynasties: Turmoil and Change A.D. 220-589
THE three states into which China had split were soon split up themselves into even smaller divisions. For three and
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope
