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Feudalism in Western Europe
Feudalism – centuries of groping and experimentation to restore law and order in Europe and to develop forms of centralized
Religions Militant in the Middle Ages
Religions militant, gives an account of the wars of religion, which we call the crusades. During the Middle Ages, the
Decline of the Roman Empire
Decline of the Roman empire came after the triumph of Christianity. Meanwhile, Julius Caesar’s heir and successor, Octavian, was but
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The New Deal 1933
WHEN Franklin Delano Roosevelt was nominated in 1932, he was fifty years old. A fifth cousin of former President Theodore
A Changing Nation 1934 – 1936
IN THE spring of 1933, as the New Deal roared into action, business began to get better, but it dropped
The Election of 1936
As Roosevelt’s first term in office neared its end, many people in the United States — and in other countries
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
William of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 A. D.)
William of Normandy, the conqueror, was also descended from English kings and was convinced that King Edward had promised him
Pope Leo IX (1066 – 1077)
Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral. Durham was the greatest of the Norman ecclesiastical border fortress in the north of England.
Henry IV, Humiliation at Canossa (1077 A. D.)
Henry IV stood barefoot in the snow, for three days in January, 1077, outside Canossa castle, waiting to see Pope





























































