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Southern France, the Cult of Courtly Love (1100 – 1194)
Southern France, the cult of courtly love, takes root and flourishes. In the glories of its new cathedral, the town
Abelard in Paris (1100 A. D.)
Abelard, Peter – a renowned teacher from Paris, surrounded by a group of questioning students – formed the nucleus of
Toledo falls, Marking the End of Islam in Spain (1077 – 1100)
Toledo falls and this marks the beginning of the end of Islam in Spain. A triumph for orthodoxy The events
Early Civilizations to Modern Age
The City Divided 130 B. C. – 70 B. C.
MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO, a young statesman known for his dramatic speeches, stood before a panel of judges in a courtroom
The City of Caesar 80 B. C. – 44 B. C.
THE story of Rome in the years after Sulla’s death was the story of a partnership of power. It was
The Second Triumvirate 43 B. C. – 30 B. C.
AS THE news of Caesar’s death spread through Rome, sorrow, anger and fear took hold of the city. On March
Distant Past and New Challenges
Milestones of History
Victorious Athens (480 B.C.)
A victorious Athens was thanks to Themistocles, whose farsighted proposal that the Athenians should fight the Persians at sea rather
Classical Greece – A Golden Age and New Dynasty Dawn (480 – 323 BC)
Classical Greece was a period during which the finest products of Greek civilization were achieved, has been defined as beginning
Alexander the Great Dies (323 B.C.)
Alexander the Great succeeded to the throne upon the assassination of Philip of Macedonia, in northern Greece. This succession, both





























































